What Is Distichiasis?
Distichiasis is a condition in which extra eyelashes (called distichia) grow from the edge of the eyelid, from openings where oil glands normally sit. These hairs can point toward the eye and rub the surface. It is common in dogs and rare in cats.
It is related to, but different from, ectopic cilia (hairs that grow through the inside of the eyelid and are usually more painful) and trichiasis (normal hairs that bend toward the eye). Breeds often affected include Cocker Spaniels, Shih Tzus, Lhasa Apsos, Pekingese, Poodles, Bulldogs, Boxers, and Dachshunds. Eyelid problems such as entropion and ectropion can occur in the same breeds.
Why it matters
Soft extra lashes may never cause trouble, but stiff ones can scratch the cornea and lead to chronic irritation or painful ulcers.
Signs Owners Notice
- Watery eyes or tear staining
- Squinting, frequent blinking, or holding an eye half closed
- Red, irritated eyes or recurring discharge
- Rubbing or pawing at the face
- A cloudy spot on the eye, which can signal a corneal ulcer
Diagnosis and Treatment
Vets find distichia with magnification during an eye exam. A fluorescein stain checks the cornea for scratches or ulcers, and a tear test may be done to rule out dry eye.
- No treatment when the lashes are soft and cause no irritation
- Lubricating drops or gels to cushion the eye in mild cases
- Plucking, which gives short-term relief, though the hairs usually grow back within weeks
- Cryotherapy or electroepilation to destroy the hair follicles for longer-lasting results
- Surgical removal of the affected eyelid margin tissue in selected cases
Practical Tips for US Pet Owners
- Do not try to pluck eyelashes at home; it is easy to injure the eye.
- Ask your vet to check for extra lashes if your dog has frequent tearing or eye infections.
- Follow up as advised after treatment, since some lashes can regrow.
- Find eye-care and general practices through veterinary clinic listings.
When to see a vet
Book a visit for ongoing tearing, squinting, or eye rubbing. Go the same day if the eye looks cloudy, is held shut, or seems very painful.
Key Takeaways
- Distichiasis means extra eyelashes growing from the eyelid edge.
- Many dogs need no treatment, but lashes that rub the eye can cause ulcers.
- Follicle-destroying treatments give longer relief than plucking.
FAQ
Is distichiasis inherited?
It is believed to be inherited in many breeds, which is why it is common in certain lines.
Will plucking fix it?
Only temporarily. The lashes usually grow back, so longer-term treatment is often recommended if they cause problems.
Can cats get distichiasis?
It is rare in cats, but your vet can check if your cat has a watery, irritated eye.